⇒ The present perfect subjunctive (el pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) is used to describe past actions that are connected to the present, as well as actions that will have happened by a certain point in the future.
⇒ The present perfect subjunctive is a combination of the present subjunctive of the verb haber and a past participle.
⇒ It's very similar to the present perfect indicative, but is triggered by the same sorts of words and phrases as the present subjunctive.
⇒ The present perfect subjunctive is formed as follows:
| Present Perfect Subjunctive Formulapresent subjunctive of haber + past participle |
⇒ Here's how to form haber in the present subjunctive.
| Subject | Haber in the Present Subjunctive |
|---|---|
| yo | haya |
| tú | hayas |
| él, ella, usted | haya |
| nosotros | hayamos |
| vosotros | hayáis |
| ellos, ellas, ustedes | hayan |
⇒ The present perfect subjunctive is used to talk about past actions connected to the present, as well as actions that will have been completed in the future.
⇒ Certain words and phrases, such as those expressing emotions and desires, trigger the use of the present perfect subjunctive.
⇒ The present perfect subjunctive can be used to talk about actions that happened in the past but are relevant in the present.
⇒ It's very common to see it used to talk about things that just happened.
| Mi profesor duda que yo haya leído el libro.My professor doubts that I have read the book. |
| Me asusto de que usted me haya llamado.I am shocked that you called me. |
| Es bueno que hayamos hablado.It is good that we talked. |
| Me asusto de que ellas no hayan bailado bien.I am shocked that they didn't dance well. |
| Lamentamos que ella no haya podido venir a la fiesta.We regret that she was unable to come to the party. |
⇒ The present perfect subjunctive is also used to talk about things that are expected to be done by a point in the future.
| Quiero que hayáis escrito 5 páginas para el lunes.I want you to have written 5 pages by Monday. |
| Es posible que ustedes hayan vuelto para marzo.It is possible that you will have returned by March. |
⇒ Need a review of the other perfect tenses? Check out our other perfect notes: