Solving Systems of Equations Using Matrices

Introduction

You can use the inverse of a 3 x 3 matrix to solve a system of three simultaneous linear equations in three unknowns

Systems of equations using matrices

Systems of equations using matrices

Examples

Systems of equations using matrices

Systems of equations using matrices

Systems of equations using matrices

Consistent or Inconsistent

You need to be able to determine whether a system of three linear equations in three unknowns is consistent or inconsistent

A system of linear equations is consistent if there is at least one set of values that satisfies all the equations simultaneously. Otherwise, it is inconsistent

If the matrix corresponding to a set of linear equations is non-singular, then the system has one unique solution and is consistent. However, if the matrix is singular, there are two possibilities: either the system is consistent and has infinitely many solutions, or it is inconsistent and has no solutions

You can visualise the different situations by conidering the points of intersection of the planes corresponding to each equation. Here are some of the different possible configurations:

Systems of equations using matrices

Systems of equations using matrices

Example

Systems of equations using matrices

Systems of equations using matrices